Combined compasses and calipers.



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J. H. HOPPER. COMBINED GUMPASSES'AND GALIPERS. Application filed Dec.11,1899.)

(No Model.)

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j UNIT D STATES;

PATENTJ OEFICE.

JOHN H. HOPPER, OF PATERSON, NEw JERSEY, ASSIGNOR oE ONE-HALE TO W. LAKEBORELANDMOF SAME PLAOE.

COM BIN ED COM-PASS ES AN D' CALI'PE'R S SPECIFIQATION'forming part ofLetters Patent No.658,01 1, aatedseptemnet 18, 1900.

Application filed December 1 1,1a99; Serial n. 739,885. (No model.)

T at whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN H. HOPPER, a citizen of the United States,residing in Paterson, county of Passai'c, and State of New Jersey,

5 have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a CombinedCompasses and Calipers; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to.

make and use the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings,and to letters; of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

This invention consists in an improved instrument adapted as compasses,dividers or the like, and calipers; and the object of the invention isnot only to provide an instrument of this nature that is susceptible ofextended adjustment, but when used as calipers is further capable ofbeing removed from the object measured and quickly and accurately resetto the position indicating the measurement, whether such measurement is2 5 to be taken between interiororexterionpoints. I have fullyillustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings, wherein--- Figure1 is a view of my improved instrurneut when used as calipers, theinstrumentthe legs of the dividers and a pencil-socket re- 40 movablysecured thereto, and Fig. 5 isa detail sectional viewtaken on the linea; no in Fig. 3.

In said drawings, a b designate the legs of a pair of compasses,dividers or the like, or calipers, the same having the usual pivotal 5joint 0 at their upper ends. The leg a is shown in the drawings as beingbent outwardly a short distance from its upper end; but this isnot'essential. The leg 5 is jointed. Thisleg is also bent outwardly atthe point corresponding to the bend in the leg 0., its extremity (1being bentupwardly, extending in the arc of a circle. This extremity isreduced in thickness, being substantially a curved blade, and at thepoint where it joins the legb it is provided with an upwardly-extendingprojection or arm 6. To said arm is pivotally connected the memberfofthe leg bof the instrument, the point of pivotal connection being acommon center for the arcshaped extremity d and the arc of movement ofthe member-f, the upper end of this member being bifurcated, as shown inFig. 5, to receive the extremity.

The two legs a and b are connected above their respective bends by acurved adj ustingblade g. This blade penetrates the leg at, and one ofits ends consists of a reduced threaded extension h, which penetratesthe leg I) and which also projects through a plate-spring i, that issecured upon the inner face. of said leg CL and acts against shoulderst". It should be remarked that the outer edge of: the blade f g, as wellas the corresponding edge of the curved extremity d, is provided with agrad uated scale j. r 3

Thelega'and the lower memberf of the leg I) are each provided with athum b-screw k, respectively, whose end bears against the correspondingface of the blade or of the extremity to firmly secure the leg aor themember f in any predetermined position. The threaded extension h carriesa milled adj usting-nut 1, whereby with the assistance of theplate-spring 13 it will be seen that after having adjusted theinstrument approxi- .mately such adjustment may be reduced to mostdelicate accuracy.

The lower endof the log a and the member f of the leg 6 may beconstructed either with or without removable points or adapted to 0receive a pen or pen sil, duo. In Fig. 3 removable needle-points m areshown as secured to the parts a f by means of threaded extensions m,which are screwed into their ends.

In Fig. 4 a socket a fora pencil 'nor any 5 other similar instrument isprovided, the same being secured to the end of either of the parts a fin the same manner as the needle-points m.

Where the instrument is used as calipers, pins care screwed intothreaded transverselyextending orifices o in the extremities of the isto be measured, whereupon the leg a can be firmly secured from movementby tightening the thumb-screw 7c. Thereupon the thumbscrew is may bereleased, so that the member fcan be swung away from the leg a to removethe instrument from the object being measured. Having removed theinstrument, it is only necessary to swing the member f back to itsinitial position as far as it will go, and the thickness of the wallwill be represented by the distance between the points of the pins 0.Thus it will be seen that the adjustment of the instrument by means ofthe thumb-screw k is not disturbed, and all that is necessary is thatbefore and after removing the instrument from the object measured themember f should be forced to its extreme inward position.

In order to adapt the calipers for the measurement of the distancebetween inside surfaces of a concave object, a stop q may be adjustablysecured upon the blade 9 by means of a set-screw s. In using theinstrument for such work therefore, the stop q having been secured atsome suitable point upon the blade, the leg a. is set and securedagainst it, the instrument applied to the object until the measurementhas been taken by adjusting the member f relatively to its scale andsecuring it, and then releasing the leg (1., so that it may be swunginwardly to remove the instrument, whereupon said leg may be again setagainst the stop to show between the points of the pins the measurementthat has been taken.

It will be seen that the stop q and the end of the leg at, against whichthe member f impinges, form abutments which when'a measurement is takenvirtually constitute rigid portions of the leg I). The leg b in factconstitutes a third or intermediate member between the parts a and ftherefore, upon which one of these parts may be adjusted relatively tothe other.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

An instrument adapted for use as calipers, compasses and the like, andconsisting essentially of an intermediate member and two other memberspivotally connected together, graduated blades comprised in thestructure of the intermediate member, one end portion of saidintermediate member constituting one of said blades and being reduced toform an abutment on said member, and a block adjustably arranged on theother blade, said abutment and the block providing stops against whicheither of said other members is adapted to abut while the latter arebeing relatively adjusted, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this5th day of December, 1899.

JOHN H. HOPPER.

Witnesses ALFRED GARTNER, MARGARET BRITToN.

